Zeno
Emperor in the East who was driven out by the usurper Basiliscus and recovered his throne. In 482 he issued the Henotikon, a statement of faith meant to reunite the supporters and opponents of Chalcedon, which led to a breach with Rome.
Zeno came from Isauria, where he took refuge when Basiliscus seized the throne (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.3). He marched back on the capital, Evagrius says, after Basiliscus had ruled for two years, and annulled what the usurper had decreed in his circular letters against Chalcedon (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.4, 3.8). Evagrius, who disapproved of him, describes his private life as shameless (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.1).
When the see of Alexandria was disputed he expelled one claimant, restored Peter Mongus, and addressed to the Egyptian church the statement called the Henotikon (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.12). It names Nicaea as the one creed, condemns Nestorius and Eutyches, and anathematises any other teaching “whether at Chalcedon or in any synod whatever” (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.14). To the protests of Pope Felix he replied that he and all the churches received and revered the Council of Chalcedon (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.20). He died in 491, in the consulship of Olybrius, in what Marcellinus counts, with the months of Basiliscus, as the sixth month of the seventeenth year of his reign (Marcellinus Comes, Chronicle under the year 491); Evagrius says that he died of epilepsy and left no child (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.29). See the Henotikon and the Acacian Schism.
In the timeline
- AD 482 to AD 519, firm dateThe Henotikon and the Acacian Schism
The emperor Zeno tries to reunite the supporters and opponents of Chalcedon with a statement of faith that neither adopts nor expressly condemns the council. Rome answers by declaring Acacius of Constantinople deposed, and the two sees stay out of communion for thirty-five years.
Primary sources
Ecclesiastical History
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.3tertullian.org
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.4, 3.8tertullian.org
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.1tertullian.org
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.12tertullian.org
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.14tertullian.org
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.20tertullian.org
- Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.29tertullian.org
Chronicle
- Marcellinus Comes, Chronicle under the year 491thelatinlibrary.com