Pepuza
A small town in Phrygia that the Montanists called Jerusalem and made the centre of their movement. No ancient writer fixes its site; ruins near Karayakuplu in western Turkey have been proposed.
Apollonius, who wrote against the Montanists forty years after their beginning, says that Montanus gave the name Jerusalem to Pepuza and Tymion, “small towns in Phrygia”, and wished people to gather there from everywhere (Eusebius, Church History 5.18.2). Maximilla prophesied there (Eusebius, Church History 5.18.13). Epiphanius, whose Greek is paraphrased here, reports that a prophetess saw Christ at Pepuza and was told that the heavenly Jerusalem would come down at that place, and that people still went there in his day to seek the same vision (Epiphanius, Panarion 49.1). The writers cited here do not say exactly where the town lay. William Tabbernee and Peter Lampe, Pepouza and Tymion: The Discovery and Archaeological Exploration of a Lost Ancient City and an Imperial Estate (2008), identify it with a site near the village of Karayakuplu; the coordinates given here are those of the Pleiades gazetteer.
What happened here
- c. AD 157–172, estimated dateThe New Prophecy of Montanus
In Phrygia a convert named Montanus and two women, Priscilla and Maximilla, begin to prophesy in ecstasy and announce a new outpouring of the Spirit. The bishops of Asia reject the movement, which spreads none the less as far as Rome and Africa.
Primary sources
Church History
- Eusebius, Church History 5.18.2newadvent.org
- Eusebius, Church History 5.18.13newadvent.org
Panarion
- Epiphanius, Panarion 49.1archive.org