Privilege for Scholars (Authentica Habita)
Frederick I BarbarossaNovember 1158
An imperial law issued at Roncaglia in 1158 that takes under the emperor’s protection all scholars who travel for the sake of study and lets them choose to be tried by their own teachers or by the bishop.
The law is dated at Roncaglia in November 1158 and orders its own insertion among the imperial constitutions. It protects scholars on the road and in the places where they study, forbids holding them liable for the debts of their countrymen, and gives a scholar who is sued the choice of his judge.
It names no city. Munro, in the note that introduces his translation, says that it is generally taken to have been made for Bologna and may have been obtained by the Bolognese doctors of law, but that it was granted to students in general.
Cited in
- about 1150 to 1215, estimated date