The Nabonidus Chronicle (Babylonian Chronicle 7)
The Babylonian chronicle of the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of Babylon. It records how the army of Cyrus entered Babylon without a battle in October 539 BC.
Read the text at britishmuseum.org ↗English translation with line numbers (Livius) ↗
This tablet covers the reign of Nabonidus year by year, including the king’s long absence from Babylon. Its third column describes the Persian victory at Opis, the surrender of Sippar, the entry of Cyrus’s army into Babylon on the sixteenth day of the month and the arrival of Cyrus the Great himself on the third day of Arahsamna. The translation linked here does not print the name of the month in which the army entered. It falls after Ululu and before Arahsamna, which makes it Tašrîtu, the seventh month. The tablet is the main evidence for the date of Cyrus Takes Babylon.
Cited in
- about 550 BC to 539 BC, estimated date
- 12 October 539 BC, firm date
- 538 BC, estimated date