Acacius of Constantinople

Bishop of Constantinople, condemned by Rome in 484

Bishop of Constantinople who resisted the usurper Basiliscus in defence of Chalcedon and later advised the emperor Zeno on the Henotikon. Pope Felix declared him deposed in 484 for holding communion with Peter Mongus of Alexandria; the schism bears his name.

When the usurper Basiliscus issued a circular against the Council of Chalcedon, Acacius roused the monks and people of Constantinople against him, and Basiliscus withdrew it (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.7). Under the restored emperor Zeno he advised on the Henotikon (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.13). The Syriac chronicle of Zachariah, which opposed Chalcedon, says that he gave up his earlier support of the council and attached himself to the principles of the Henotikon (Zachariah, Chronicle 5.11). Evagrius shows him still concerned for the council: when he heard that Peter Mongus of Alexandria had anathematised Chalcedon he sent to inquire, and Peter wrote to assure him that he had not (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.16–17).

Pope Felix judged otherwise. His sentence of 28 July 484 charges Acacius with supporting Peter, whom he had himself reported to Rome as condemned, and with corrupting the Roman envoys, and declares him removed from the priesthood and from communion (Felix III, Letters 6 (Thiel, pp. 243–247)). Acacius did not accept it (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.18). Evagrius records his death and the succession of Fravitas to his see (Evagrius, Ecclesiastical History 3.23). The profession by which communion with Rome was restored in 519 anathematises him by name (Formula of Hormisdas Collectio Avellana 159.5 (CSEL 35, p. 609)). See the Henotikon and the Acacian Schism.

In the timeline

  1. AD 482 to AD 519, firm date
    The Henotikon and the Acacian Schism

    The emperor Zeno tries to reunite the supporters and opponents of Chalcedon with a statement of faith that neither adopts nor expressly condemns the council. Rome answers by declaring Acacius of Constantinople deposed, and the two sees stay out of communion for thirty-five years.

Primary sources

The Syriac Chronicle Known as That of Zachariah of Mitylene

Zachariah the Rhetor, in an anonymous Syriac compilation · Greek original between AD 491 and 518; Syriac compilation completed AD 569 · Syriac, from a lost Greek original

Letters

Felix III, bishop of Rome · c. AD 483–492 · Latin

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